成功周刊第18期

刊首语

 

从 投 篮 看 人 生

                                                                 -----本期编辑孙若樱

   新年的时候很多朋友都喜欢和家人、友人聚在一起谈谈一年的收获,谈谈对明年的展望。有的朋友可能对过去的一年很满意,觉得自己付出的努力得到了所期望的收获;有的朋友也许会比较失望,甚至抱怨,觉得自己辛辛苦苦奋斗了一年,什么都没有得到。之所以会有这样两个不同的结局,我想最主要的原因可能还是选择上的不同造成的。

  对于爱好运动的美国人来说,能够成为一个职业运动员是一件很成功的事情。所以,当一名职业运动员是很多小孩子理想的首选。以篮球为例,在美国几乎每个孩子都是篮球迷,特别是黑人孩子,几乎个个长大都想成为“飞人”乔丹。许多孩子为此梦想付出了难以想象的心血。有的也确实球艺不凡,但美国职业篮球联盟NBA总共就20来个球队,200多名职业运动员,全世界最优秀的的篮球选手都在竞争这200多个名额,要想进入NBA真是“难于上青天”。绝大多数孩子的梦想都以破灭而告终。

  让我们再来看看美国新兴的行业---职业操盘手。职业操盘手在美国至少有数万人,根据非正式的统计,大约有10%--20% 的新手能够经受两年左右的淘汰期而“存活”下来,成为正式的职业操盘手。我发现职业操盘手与职业篮球运动员之间有很多的相似之处。虽然职业操盘手也是比较残酷的竞争,但比起进入NBA的机率来要高很多了。

   在NBA中,最伟大的球星迈克尔.乔丹他的投球命中率只有40%,也就是说他每投一次球有60%的可能无法命中,他投球的成功率要低于他的挫败率,但是这并不影响他成为世界上最伟大的篮球明星。同样的,在激烈的股市搏击中,操盘手每天要做许多笔交易,其中有赚有赔,有输有赢。但是赚钱是整个操盘表现的一部分,赔钱也是兵家常事。。

  这些人都付出了很多的努力,甚至超出常人的努力,但是努力的结果也许并不是自己所期望的那样。正如乔丹在一个广告中所言:“失利正是成功的原因”。

   我想:不管是投篮也好,操盘也好,要想拥有成功的人生,首先应该选择正确的方向,调整好自己的心态,勇敢的为实现自己的理想而努力奋斗。不管我们遇到什么不顺利的情况和挫折,我们都不能放弃努力。只有坚持不懈 ,相信自己,在不顺利的时候加倍努力,才能成为笑在最后的人。选择投篮可以投出辉煌的人生,选择操盘也可以实现成功富足的人生。

                                           [本期成功周刊为方便英语学习爱好者,我们采用了中、英文对照的格式]

本期赠言

在每一次你停下来认真审视你所面临的恐惧的经历中,你获得了力量,勇气和自信。你可以对自己说,“我已经经历过这样的恐惧。我还可以克服随之而来的问题。”你一定要做你认为做不到的事情。

                                                  ——埃莉诺.罗斯福

"You gain strength, courage, and confidence by each experience in which you really stop to look fear in     theface. You are able to say to yourself, 'I have lived  throughthis horror. I can take the next thing that comes along. 'You must do the thing you think you cannot do."

                                                                                      ——Eleanor Roosevelt

本期文章

 

                投资者所犯的第一个心理错误:认为他们知道的永远比做的要多

 

经济学家常常设想人们会从过去的错误中吸取教训。心理学家发现学习本身是一个微妙的过程。很多自我欺骗的偏见限制了我们学习的能力。比如说我们将好的结果归功于我们的能力而坏的结果怪罪于运气的偏差。这就是“自我归因偏见”。当我们经历这种偏见的时候,我们不会从错误中吸取教训,简单的说,是因为我们没有认识到那是我们的错误。 

 

此外,我们找各种理由来欺骗我们自己。最常见的两种偏见是“过分乐观”和“自负”。例如,当老师问一个班的学生,谁可以完成到最后的时候,平均有80%的学生都认为他们可以!不仅因为这些学生过分乐观,而且他们还过于自负。人们吃惊的频率比他们预料中的还要频繁。例如,当你询问请求别人对某件大事或是某种情况作出预测的时候,对于所指出的内容,他们有98%对自己的预测有信心,我们发现他们预测的准确率在60%到70%之间!当我们只有75%或是一半一半的信心的时候又会怎样呢?  

 

过分乐观和自负来自于“控制力错觉”和“知识错觉”。知识错觉倾向于那些坚信获得的信息越多预测就越准确的人。这种误解是很危险的,历史学家丹尼尔.布尔斯汀认为“发现的最大障碍不是无知——而是知识的幻想”。事实很简单,就是信息越多并不意味着这些信息都是有用的。 

 

与你所获得信息的数量相比,能够利用有用的信息才是最重要的。 

 

这引出了我的第一条方针:你认为你做的要多于你了解的。

 

控制力错觉是指人们相信他们已经影响到无法预测事件的结果。比如买彩票的时候,人们花在自己所选的号上的钱比较多而花在随机抽取的号码上的钱比较少。打赌的时候,人们一般都选择在硬币抛处前猜测而不选择在硬币抛出后结果公布之前,好象他们可以影响硬币在空中的旋转一样!信息再一次起到了作用。获得的知识越多,你就会越觉得具有影响力。 

 

过分乐观和自负是一个有力的结合。他们会使你过高估计自己的知识,过低估计风险,而且过分夸大你控制情况的能力。这样会产生大胆的预测(过分乐观和自负)和谨慎的选择。 

 

(英文原文
              

The First Psychological Mistake Investors Make: 

                              Thinking They Know More Than They Do

 

Economists frequently assume that people will learn from their past mistakes. Psychologists find that learning itself is a tricky process. Many of the self-deception biases tend to limit our ability to learn. For instance, we are prone to attribute good outcomes to our skill and bad outcomes to the luck of the draw. This is "self-attribution bias." When we suffer such a bias, we are not going to learn from our mistakes, simply because we don't see them as our mistakes. 

    
Furthermore, we make up reasons to deceive ourselves. The two most common biases are "overoptimism" and "overconfidence." For instance, when teachers ask a class who will finish in the top half, on average around 80% of the class thinks they will! Not only are people overly optimistic, but they are overconfident as well. People are surprised more often than they expect to be. For instance, when you ask people to make a forecast of an event or a situation, and to establish at what point they are 98% confident about their predictions, we find that the correctness of their predictions ranges between 60% and 70%! What happens when we are only 75% sure or are playing that 50-50 hunch?

    Overoptimism and overconfidence tend to stem from the "illusion of control" and the "illusion of knowledge." The illusion of knowledge is the tendency for people to believe that the accuracy of their forecasts increases with more information. So dangerous is this misconception that historian Daniel Boorstin opined, "The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance -- it is the illusion of knowledge." The simple truth is that more information is not necessarily better information. It is what you do with it, rather than how much you have, that matters.

     This leads to my first guideline: You know less than you think you do.
     

The illusion of control refers to people's belief that they have influence over the outcome of uncontrollable events. For instance, people will pay more for a lottery ticket that contains numbers they choose than for a random draw of numbers. People are more likely to accept a bet on the toss of a coin before it has been tossed than after it has been tossed and the outcome hidden, as if they could influence the spin of the coin in the air! Information once again plays a role. The more information you have, the more in control you tend to feel.
      

Overoptimism and overconfidence are a potent combination. They lead you to overestimate your knowledge, understate the risk, and exaggerate your ability to control the situation. This leads to bold forecasts (overoptimism and overconfidence) and timid choices.

 

小幽默

 

                                              害 羞 的 家 伙   (Shy  guy )

 

一个男人深爱着一个女人,但是他实在是太害羞了,没勇气向她求婚。现在他的年龄一点点大了,可是他们两个人却还没有结婚。

 

当然了,在过去的六年里他们每周约会一次,但是他太胆小了,所以从来不提结婚的事,更别说住在一起了。 

 

一天, 他终于鼓起勇气问出这个问题。所以他给她打电话,“琼。” 

 

“是的,我是琼。” 

 

“你愿意嫁给我吗?” 

 

“我当然愿意!请问你是谁?”

 


        A man really loved a woman, but he was just too shy to propose to her. Now he was up in his years and neither of them had ever been married. 

 

Of course, they dated about once a week for the past six years, but he was so timid he just never got around to suggesting marriage much less living together.   

 

But one day, he became determined to ask her the question. So he calls her on the phone, "June."     

 

"Yes, this is June." 

 

"Will you marry me?"  

 

"Of course I will! Who's this?" 

 

成功小帖士

 

                      巩固与你生命中最重要的人——家人的关系的七种方法

 

只要一完成这个计划我就会花更多的时间与家人一起度过,”你这样告诉自己。但是你自己很清楚,很久以前的那个计划完成了,你还会着手于另一个计划……然后是下一个。不要将家人撇到一边。做一些简单的事情就可以将他们与你的工作融为一体:

 

 1、与家人共进晚餐。每星期至少有三次(五次或六次就更好了),每位家庭成员都应坐下来,花一个小时的时间来享受美味的食物和聊天。 

 

2、在家庭晚餐的聚会中,每天讲一件有趣的事——也许是发生在你办公室的事,也许是在乘车途中看到的,也许是在收音机里听到的。将这一项列入你的每日日程表中,以确保完成。  

 

3、晚饭后去散步——与全家人就更完美了。梅奥诊所工作的睡眠研究员说,傍晚的少量体育锻炼或是散步可以一定程度上加深夜间的睡眠。这也可以加深你与最珍惜(或者说应该珍惜)的人之间的关系。 

 

4、对于不是每天见面的家庭成员,你要定期打个电话或是发个e-mail给他们。将每隔一定时间的联系作为你的一个任务来完成。要简短而友好。

 

 5、使用公用的日历——上面要注有每个人的日程。这可以在很大程度上降低约会冲突,忘记约会,紧要关头变更约会的可能性。

 

 6、回家之前要减压。研究表明很多家庭战争都是发生在每天结束工作时互相问候之后的15 分钟里。所以在你离开办公室之前,回顾一下你的日程,计划第二天的工作,然后暂时忘掉工作。在从办公室回家的路上,思考一些积极的事情。把你所能想到的要祝福的在头脑中列个表——你的健康,你的朋友,你的家人等等。  

 

7、“要求”你自己在进家的那一刻脸上带着微笑并且态度友好。确定你说的第一句话是积极的。

 

(英文原文)
                            
 7 Ways to Strengthen Your Relationships With the People Who Matter Most in Your Life: Your Family

 

 

"As soon as I get done with this project, I'll have more time to spend with my family," you tell yourself. But you know very well that, long before that project is done, you'll take on another project . . . and then another.Don't put your family life on the back burner. Integrate it into your work life by doing a few simple things:   

1.Make it a family priority to have dinner together. At least three times a week (five or six would be better), everyone should sit down for an hour of conversation and good food.

      2.Come up with one funny little thing each day that you can contribute to the family dinner conversation -- maybe something that happened at the office, something you observed while commuting, or something you heard on the radio. Put this on your daily to-do list to make sure it gets done.
      

3.Take a walk after dinner -- preferably with the whole family. Sleep researchers at the Mayo Clinic say that a light evening exercise session or walk can measurably deepen sleep. It's also a great way to deepen the relationships you cherish (or should cherish) most.
      

4.Regularly call and/or e-mail family members that you don't see every day. Assign yourself the "task" of keeping in contact at regular intervals. Keep it short and friendly.

    
 5.Use a common calendar -- one with everyone's schedule posted on it. This will greatly reduce the likelihood of conflicting appointments, forgotten dates, last-minute changes, etc.

 

6.Decompress before coming home. Studies show that most family arguments begin within 15 minutes after people greet each other at the end of the day. So, before you leave the office, review your schedule, plan your next day, and then forget about work. On the way home from the office, think positive thoughts. Make a mental list of the blessings you have --your health, your friends, your family, etc.

 

7."Require" yourself to walk into your house with a smile on your face and a good attitude. Make sure that the first thing out of your mouth is a positive statement.

 

卷尾语

 

恭喜恭喜!!!真是新年新气象,好事特别多。最近网易体育消息 ,NBA官方今天公布了全明星周末上东西部全明星队的首发阵容,姚明连续第三次成为全明星先发中锋。经过对网上投票和线下投票的统计后,姚明成为本次全明星投票中得票最多的球员,姚明的总得票数是全明星投票史上的新高。

 

中国人在历史的舞台上总是演绎的精彩纷呈。姚明可以成为傲居第一的明星球员,我们的职业操盘手也可以在中国的土地上赚取美金,成为华尔街的舞台上首屈一指的操盘冠军。

 

第18期的成功周刊在此新年之际又与大家见面了,祝各位朋友欢欢喜喜迎鸡年,万事如意平安年,扬眉吐气顺心年,事业成功辉煌年,合家欢乐幸福年,身体健康万万年!

 

[总编:吴丽雯  本期编辑:孙若  翻译:一乔  供稿:健飞  版面设计:孙若樱]
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